What is the testing procedure for a secondary optical splitter
Testing a secondary optical splitter involves measuring insertion loss and split ratio using an optical power meter and light source, following a double-ended loss test procedure.
Overview
A secondary optical splitter is a passive device that divides an optical signal from one or more input fibers into multiple output fibers. Common configurations include 1x2, 1xN, and 2xN splitters. Testing ensures the splitter meets specifications for insertion loss, split ratio, and uniformity across outputs, which is critical for PON and FTTH networks .
Step-by-Step Testing Procedure
- Prepare Equipment
- Optical light source of the appropriate wavelength (splitters may be wavelength-dependent).
- Optical power meter.
- Launch reference cables and receive reference cables.
- Calibrate the System
- Connect the launch reference cable to the light source.
- Calibrate the optical power meter using the launch cable to set a 0 dB reference. This ensures accurate measurement of splitter loss .
- Connect the Splitter
- Attach the input of the splitter to the launch cable from the light source.
- Connect the output port to the receive reference cable and the optical power meter.
- Measure Loss
- Record the insertion loss for the first output port.
- Move the receive cable to each additional output port in turn and record the loss.
- The measured loss includes the split ratio, excess loss from manufacturing, and connector losses .
- Bidirectional Testing
- Reverse the direction of the test to measure upstream loss (from output ports to input).
- For splitters with multiple inputs (e.g., 2x2), repeat the test for each input to all outputs .
- Additional Tests (Optional)
- Wavelength Variation: Test at multiple wavelengths to check performance across the operating range.
- Output Uniformity: Compare losses among all output ports.
- Crosstalk: Inject a signal into one output and check for leakage into other outputs .
Notes
- For large splitters (e.g., 1x32), the source must be moved to each output port individually, and results recorded for all ports.
- The splitter becomes part of the overall cable plant, so its loss contributes to the total insertion loss measured in the network.
- Using high-quality reference cables and proper calibration is essential for accurate results . This procedure ensures that the secondary optical splitter meets design specifications and performs reliably in the network.
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